RU

Gamaredon

High ConfidenceHigh Threat

Primitive Bear • Shuckworm • Actinium • Aqua Blizzard • Armageddon • UAC-0010

Gamaredon, also known as Primitive Bear or Armageddon, is a Russian threat actor attributed to the Federal Security Service (FSB) of the Russian Federation. Active since at least 2013, the group has conducted persistent campaigns against Ukrainian government, military, law enforcement, and NGO targets. Gamaredon is characterized by high-volume, low-sophistication operations using custom VBS and PowerShell scripts. Despite their relatively simple tools, the group's persistence and continuous evolution make them a significant threat to Ukrainian national security.

Origin: Russia
Sponsor: FSB (Federal Security Service)
Active: 2013 - Present
Victims: 5000+ Ukrainian organizations
Advanced
Active
EspionageIntelligence Collection
Risk Assessment
78
Composite Risk Score
High Risk
ARCS Compliance75
Escalation Risk80
Grievance Index85
Infrastructure Impact72
History & Evolution

Gamaredon, also known as Primitive Bear or Armageddon, is a Russian threat actor attributed to the Federal Security Service (FSB) of the Russian Federation. Active since at least 2013, the group has conducted persistent campaigns against Ukrainian government, military, law enforcement, and NGO targets. Gamaredon is characterized by high-volume, low-sophistication operations using custom VBS and PowerShell scripts. Despite their relatively simple tools, the group's persistence and continuous evolution make them a significant threat to Ukrainian national security.

Targeting

Target Sectors

GovernmentMilitaryDefenseLaw EnforcementNGOs

Target Regions

UkraineNATO Countries
Attribution & Affiliations

Attributed to FSB (Federal Security Service) (Russia). Attribution confidence: High.

Intelligence Assessment
High
Threat Level
Moderately
Targeting
Moderately
Adaptability
High
Persistence
Continuous
Op Tempo
Active
Status

Future Outlook

Gamaredon is expected to continue operations targeting Government sectors.

Timeline of Key Events
2013
Major

First observed activity of Gamaredon

2024
Moderate

Continued active operations