APT Intelligence Directory
Institute for Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity
CN

APT1

High ConfidenceMedium Threat

Comment Crew • Comment Panda • Byzantine Candor • PLA Unit 61398

APT1, also known as Comment Crew or PLA Unit 61398, is a Chinese state-sponsored cyber espionage group attributed to the People's Liberation Army's 2nd Bureau of the General Staff Department's 3rd Department. Operating from a 12-story facility in Shanghai's Pudong district, the group conducted systematic intellectual property theft against over 140 organizations across 20 major industries between 2006-2013. Their operations focused on stealing hundreds of terabytes of data from aerospace, defense, energy, and technology sectors. Following Mandiant's landmark 2013 exposure report that identified specific PLA officers, the group's activity significantly decreased, though they are believed to have reorganized under different operational security measures.

Origin: China
Sponsor: PLA Unit 61398
Active: 2006 - Present
Victims: 141+ organizations documented
Advanced
Active
EspionageIntellectual Property Theft
Risk Assessment
68
Composite Risk Score
Medium Risk
ARCS Compliance70
Escalation Risk60
Grievance Index65
Infrastructure Impact75
History & Evolution

APT1, also known as Comment Crew or PLA Unit 61398, is a Chinese state-sponsored cyber espionage group attributed to the People's Liberation Army's 2nd Bureau of the General Staff Department's 3rd Department. Operating from a 12-story facility in Shanghai's Pudong district, the group conducted systematic intellectual property theft against over 140 organizations across 20 major industries between 2006-2013. Their operations focused on stealing hundreds of terabytes of data from aerospace, defense, energy, and technology sectors. Following Mandiant's landmark 2013 exposure report that identified specific PLA officers, the group's activity significantly decreased, though they are believed to have reorganized under different operational security measures.

Targeting

Target Sectors

TechnologyAerospaceEnergyManufacturingDefense

Target Regions

United StatesEuropeGlobal
Attribution & Affiliations

Attributed to PLA Unit 61398 (China). Attribution confidence: High.

Intelligence Assessment
Medium
Threat Level
Moderately
Targeting
Moderately
Adaptability
Medium
Persistence
Periodic
Op Tempo
Inactive/Rebranded
Status

Future Outlook

APT1 is expected to continue operations targeting Technology sectors.

Timeline of Key Events
2006
Major

First observed activity of APT1

2024
Moderate

Continued active operations